Malnutrition is a big serious problem in Cambodia which is suffered by Cambodian people in particular children under 5 year-old and women. There are four major causes of the malnutrition consisting of Protein Energy Malnutrition, Vitamin A Deficiency, Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) and Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA), which are seriously affecting people health, especially physical development, mind impairment, reduce capability which are considered the main driving force for development by reduce learning capacity as well as productivity.

The National Council for Nutrition (NCN) was established under chairmanship of the Minister of Planning comprising members from various Government Line Ministries and some EDPs organizations. The Inter-Ministerial Technical Committee (IMTC) was formed in order to facilitate all stakeholders at technical terms on Nutrition. Two Sub-national Committees were created; they are Sub-national Committee on IDD and Sub-national Committee on IDA.

The Cambodia Nutrition Investment Plan (CNIP), 2003-2007 was prepared basing on two main documents: the CNIP prepared in 1998 and also on the National Nutrition of Action Plan (NNAP), 1995-1996. It is a medium term plan for nutrition investment over a five-year period (2003-2007) which is focused on children and women and it is also a response to address the very high rates of child and maternal malnutrition and high levels of infant and maternal deaths that effect all provinces in Cambodia. To follow up its implementation; the progress reports have been prepared annually (three annual progress reports were developed).